1 - Integrals of Elementary Functions. 1.1   ò dx = x + c 1.2   ò k dx = k x + c , where k is a constant. 1.3   ò x n dx = x n +...

Although integration has been introduced as the reverse of differentiation, it is an important mathematical operation in it's own right. As such, it has it's own special

Suppose you were told that a function had a gradient given by

Loss or misuse of constants of integration. The indefinite integral of a function involves an "arbitrary constant", and this causes confusion for many students, because the notation...